Let's Learn Japanese ~ Lesson 4: Grammar (2)

Alright, it's been a while, but here's another lesson. We'll continue were we left off last time! I hope you studied  well!

Nも

もis added after a topic instead of は when the statement about the topic is the same as the previous topic.

Some examples:

マリア　は　学生　です。

私　も　学生　です。

Maria is a student.

I am a student too.

田中さん　は　学生　じゃありません。

ロビンさん　も　学生　じゃありません。

Mr. Tanaka isn't a student.

Mr. Robin isn't a student either.

N1 の N2 (1)

のis used to connect two nouns. N1 modifies N2.

(1) N1 is an organization N2 belongs to.

田中さん は Xの会社員 です。

Mr.Tanaka is a X employee.

これ・それ・あれ

これ、それ and あれ are demonstratives, they work as nouns. これ refers to something near the speaker. それ refers to something near the listener. あれ refers to something that's far away from both the speaker and the listener.

Some examples.

これは本です。

This is a book

それは時計です。

That is a clock.

このN・そのN・あのN

この、その  andあのare use in combination with nouns, to modify those. この、そのand あの on their own aren't nouns. このN refers to something close to the listener. そのN refers to something close to the listener. あのN refers to something far from both the speaker and the listener.

そのかばん　は　ロビンさんの　です。

That bag is Mr.Robin's.

あの人　は　誰　ですか。

Who is that person?

N1 の N2 (2)

(2) N1 explains what N2 is about.

これは　コンピューター　の　ほん　です。

This is a book about computers.

(3) N1 explains who owns N2.

それは　マリア　の　かさ　です。

That is Maria's umbrella.

Sometimes it's possible to omit N2, because it's obvious. You can never omit N2 when it's a person though.

あれは　誰　の　かさ　ですか？

．．．マリアのです。

Whose umbrella is that?

... It's Maria's.

Homework

Okay, let's leave the grammar with that for now and give some homework again. Of course, be sure to study the grammar well! And I also have some vocabulary I'd like you to learn. Again, there's no need to learn how to write the kanji, but try to recognize them and now their reading and meaning. If you want to practice a bit more, try to translate the sentences.

Vocabulary

これ                                                                    this (thing here)

それ                                                                    that (thing near you)

あれ                                                                    that (thing over there)

この～                                                                              this~ (here)

その～                                                                              that~ (near you)

あの～                                                                              that~ (over there)

ほん                                                   本                         book

じしょ                                               辞書                     dictionary

ざっし                                               雑誌                     magazine

しんぶん                                           新聞                     newspaper

ノート                                                                            notebook

めいし                                               名刺                     business card

カード                                                                              card

えんぴつ                                            鉛筆                     pencil

シャープペンシル                                                          mechanical pencil

かぎ                                                   鍵                          key

とけい                                               時計                      clock

かさ                                                   傘                          umbrella

かばん                                                                             bag

               

テレビ                                                                              TV

ラジオ                                                                              Radio

カメラ                                                                              Camera

コンピューター                                                              Computer

パソコン                                                                          PC

じどうしゃ                                       自動車                   Car

くるま                                               車                          Car

つくえ                                               机                          Desk

いす                                                   椅子                     Chair

チョコレート                                                              Chocolate

コーヒー                                                                      Coffee

えいご                                               英語                     English

にほんご                                          日本語                  Japanese

～語                                                                              ~language

なん、なに                                       何                         what

Sentences

English to Japanese

1) I am a student. Maria is a student too.

2) That (near you) is my notebook.

3)This is Tanaka's coffee.

4) Whose desk is that (over there)?

5)That magazine about computers is Robin's.

Japanese to English

１） それはロビンのじゃありません。それも田中のじゃありません。

２）これはマリアの傘です。

３）この傘はマリアのです。

４）それはラジオの雑誌です。

５）あのかぎは車のです。